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The Flinders Ranges are one of South Australia's most common outback tour destinations, and are planet-renowned for their rugged mountain landscapes, spectacular gorges, sheltered sandy creeks lined with majestic River Red Gums, and their abundant flora and fauna. An authentic Australia outback destination, the Flinders Ranges are nevertheless very easily accessible from the South Australian capital of Adelaide.  The Flinders Ranges are a excellent place in which to witness and marvel at nature on a grand scale. Home to magnificent, rugged and uncompromising landscapes, they are truly a destination exactly where you can get away from it all. Although they seem a million miles from the hustle and bustle of city life, the southern locations of the Flinders Ranges begin only 220 kilometres from Adelaide. Wilpena Pound is about 450 kilometres (five hours drive) from Adelaide. Many diverse routes are available to explore the Flinders ranges, and all offer you exceptional scenery. To fully appreciate the area, a couple of days at least are required. For these without transport there are many Flinders Ranges tours operating from Adelaide.  The Flinders Ranges National Park is situated in the Flinders Ranges in between the outback South Australian towns of Hawker and Blinman. Covering over 950 square kilometres, the park is about 450 kilometres north of Adelaide and gives a broad range of outdoor activities for all ages and tastes including camping, bushwalking, scenic touring, photography, birdwatching and Aboriginal and European tour activities exploring the background and cultures of the region. [http://topseoadelaide.com.au/internet-marketing-adelaide/ internet marketing adelaide]  The Flinders Ranges join the Gulf of St Vincent to the South Australian outback. The landscape of the region is actually spectacular, particularly in spring when wildflowers are blooming and carpet the countryside. Bush walking is a well-known and rewarding activity in the ranges, which includes walks about the Arkaroola Mt Painter Wildlife Sanctuary, the Heysen Trail, Mt Outstanding National Park and Wilpena Pound.  [http://topseoadelaide.com.au/internet-marketing-adelaide/ internet marketing adelaide] [http://topseoadelaide.com.au/ return to site] The indigenous Adnyamathanha folks have lived in the northern Flinders Ranges for numerous tens of thousands of years, and the ranges stay of enormous cultural significance to them. Adnyamathanha (hills or rock individuals) is a term now used to describe the Pangkala, Pilatapa, Yadliaura, Kuyani and Wailpi peoples, the classic indigenous owners of the Flinders Ranges. These groups share a common identity based on the Yura Muda, the culture and language of their ancestors. Whilst European geologists clarify the formation of the Flinders Ranges in scientific terms, the Adnyamathanha comprehend the landscape through the Yura Muda dreamtime stories, which invest the physical landscape with spiritual significance.  The Flinders Ranges appear are talked about in the journals and diaries of several Australian explorers. Matthew Flinders explored the upper reaches of Spencer Gulf in 1802. Sturt and Eyre traversed the region during their journeys north in search of an inland sea. Pastoral runs had been established at Arkaba, Wilpena, Aroona and Oraparinna from 1851. By 1863, European settlement extended far beyond the ranges, and copper mining was booming in the region. No rain fell in the Flinders Ranges place from 1864 to 1866, when the saltbush plains were stripped bare and massive losses among each stock and native fauna occurred. Many pastoral runs were deserted and mining practically ceased. The deserted runs had been gradually reoccupied and stocking rates decreased. Today, the pastoral business remains viable with greatly improved practices and sustainable stocking rates.  An intriguing mixture of each moisture-dependant and arid-adapted plants co-exist in the Flinders Ranges. The specialised habitats of neighborhood indigenous plants are bound to the geology of the region, and are shaped by landform, climate, soil and fire. A majority of the plants located in the Flinders Ranges National Park are arid-adapted. Cypress Pines are discovered across a lot of the park, even though Porcupine Grass is identified on stony hills. Black Oak and Mallee trees are discovered on the deeper soils in the north-east of the park, and Pearl Bluebush, Broom Emubush and Red Mallee are found on alkaline soils. Fringing the moister quartzite slopes of Wilpena Pound, Guinea Flowers, Grevilleas, Bush Peas, Shrub Violets, Native Cranberries and Fringe Myrtles are common.  Nocturnal animals such as dunnarts and planigales are seldom observed as they are mostly active at night and are usually fairly small. Bats represent a single-third of the native mammal fauna of Flinders Ranges National Park. Their high pitched sounds can frequently be heard as they hunt insects attracted to the light of camp fires at night. Echidnas (native Australian porcupines) are typical within the park in early spring (Sep-Oct). Over 100 native bird species are discovered in the Flinders Ranges National Park, which includes colourful Australian Ringneck Parrots, Pink and Grey galahs, the migratory Rainbow Bee-eater, the tiny Elegant Parrots and the Red-capped Robin. Tree-lined creeks and springs give an perfect habitat for a huge assortment of reptiles, which includes skinks, geckoes, legless lizards, lizards, goannas and snakes. Now rare, the big Carpet Python can be discovered in tree hollows, on rock ledges, and moving on the ground to hunt at night.